Grids Configuration

This section explains how to configure energy grids in HAMLET, including grid topology, power flow models, and regulatory constraints.

Electricity Grid Configuration

The electricity grid is the primary energy network in HAMLET, supporting decentralized energy trading. The configuration allows users to define power flow models, topology methods, and grid restrictions.

### Activating the Grid To enable or disable the electricity grid, set the active flag:

electricity:
   active: True  # Enables the electricity grid

If set to False, the grid is ignored in the simulation.

### Power Flow Model HAMLET supports DC power flow (current implementation) and AC power flow (planned feature):

electricity:
   powerflow: dc  # Options: dc (current), ac (planned)

DC power flow is computationally efficient and suitable for most applications.

### Grid Topology Methods Users can define the grid using either: 1. File-Based Method (Recommended) 2. Topology-Based Method (Advanced)

#### File-Based Method Loads grid topology from an Excel file (electricity.xlsx) containing buses, lines, loads, and generators.

generation:
   method: file
   file: electricity.xlsx  # Must be located in the same folder as the configuration file

#### Topology-Based Method Requires a manual agent-to-bus assignment in topology.xlsx:

generation:
   method: topology
   topology:
      file: topology.xlsx

Grid Constraints and Regulations

HAMLET supports grid constraints and regulatory mechanisms such as §14a EnWG (Energy Industry Act, Germany).

### Applying Grid Restrictions Users can apply predefined grid restrictions by specifying them in the apply list.

restrictions:
   apply: ['enwg_14a']  # List of applied restrictions (empty list means no restrictions)
   max_iteration: 10    # Maximum iterations for applying constraints

If no restrictions are applied, the grid operates without regulatory limits.

### Energy Industry Act §14a (Germany) HAMLET implements grid management policies based on §14a EnWG, including variable grid fees and direct power control.

#### Variable Grid Fees (Indirect Grid Control) Adjusts grid fees dynamically to manage peak loads.

variable_grid_fees:
   active: True
   horizon: 86400  # Forecast horizon (seconds)
   update: 3600    # Update frequency (seconds)
   grid_fee_base: 0.07  # Base grid fee in €/kWh

#### Direct Power Control (Active Load Management) Allows grid operators to limit device power usage during congestion.

direct_power_control:
   active: True
   method: individual  # Options: individual (device-level), ems (EMS-based)
   threshold: 4200     # Guaranteed minimum power (W)

Heat and Hydrogen Grids

Future versions of HAMLET will support heat and hydrogen grids. These grids can be toggled using:

heat:
   active: False  # Planned feature

hydrogen:
   active: False  # Planned feature